What is the function of a bilge system on a ship?

The bilge system on a ship is primarily designed to remove excess water that collects in the bilge area, which is the lowest compartment of the vessel. Water can accumulate in the bilge due to various reasons, including leaks, rainwater, or water ingress from operations. If not properly managed, this excess water can pose risks such as instability, increased weight, and potential damage to the vessel's structure or machinery.

By efficiently removing this water, the bilge system helps to maintain the vessel's stability and safety while ensuring optimal performance of onboard equipment and machinery. This system typically includes pumps and piping designed to safely discharge this water overboard or to a holding tank, which is critical for the overall operational integrity of the ship.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the primary function of the bilge system. The system does not serve to provide fresh water or generate power, nor is it intended for storing waste materials, as those functions are handled by separate systems onboard a vessel.