What is meant by "lubrication" in engineering terms?

Lubrication in engineering refers to the process of reducing friction and wear between mechanical components. This is crucial for the efficient operation and longevity of machinery and equipment. When moving parts come into contact, friction can generate heat, leading to increased wear and potential failure of components. Lubricants, which can be oils, greases, or other substances, create a protective film or layer between surfaces, allowing them to slide against each other more smoothly. This not only minimizes wear but also helps in dissipating heat, thus improving the overall performance and reliability of machinery.

The context of lubrication is foundational in various applications ranging from engines to gears and bearings. Proper lubrication ensures that these components can operate effectively, reduces maintenance costs, and extends the life of equipment.